The Gullah and Seminole Resistance: A Unified Struggle for Freedom The history of the "Gullah Wars"—often conflated or synonymous with the Seminole Wars—represents one of the most significant, yet historically obscured, chapters of resistance against the institution of slavery in the United States. These conflicts, spanning over 100 years, involved an alliance between freedom-seeking Africans (many with Gullah origins) and Indigenous peoples in Florida. The Connection: Ident

Black people enslaved by these tribes were not Africans at all, but Indigenous people — prisoners of war from rival tribes who were captured

The historical narrative surrounding Indian Freedmen is complex and often misunderstood. Many contemporary discussions frame Indian Freedmen

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Although Chicago was not chartered as a city until 1837, its founding took place many years before when Jean Baptiste Point Du Sable born to an African-born Haitian mother opened his trading post beside the Chicago River. Jean Baptiste Point Du Sable was born in San Marc, Haiti, in 1745. Not very much is known about Du Sable's early life. It is known, however, that Du Sable's mother was probably killed by the Spanish when he was ten. After moving to New Orleans with a good fr